North And Hillard Latin Prose Composition Preliminary Exercises

Latin Learning Latin
21

Glad to help! A few more:

domī manēre

  1. Let them build ships. Let them not be afraid of the sea.
    Nāves aedificent. Ne mare timeant.

  2. Do not let us remain here.
    Ne hīc maneāmus.

nē

  1. Citizens, defend the city with your arms.
    Civēs urbem armīs defendite.

cīvēs, dēfendite

  1. Let all return to the city.
    Omnes ad urbem redeant.

omnēs

rēx

  1. The youths were killed by their father, Brutus.
    iuvenēs ā patre Brutō interfectī sunt

Brūtō

7.The king and queen are dear to all of the citizens.
Rex et regina cārī omnibus cīvibus sunt.

rēx, rēgīna

  1. By good laws Numa, the second king of Rome, benefited his country.
    Numa, rex secundus Rōmae, lēgibus bonīs patriae prōfuit.

rēx

  1. All of us love life, the greatest gift of the gods.
    Omnes vītam, dōna deōrum maxima, amāmus.

omnēs

22

Again many thanks for corrections so far.

Here is 11-19 of C.

  1. The king lost his kingdom and his riches, the things most pleasant to him.
    Rēx regnum et dīvitiās, rēs eī iūcundissimās perditit.

  2. Citizens, obey me, your king.
    Cīvēs, mihi pārēte, rēgī vestrō.

  3. Neither the king nor his sons will be killed.
    Neque rēx neque fīliī interficiēntur.

  4. The king and his son Caius have been killed.
    Rēx fīliusque Cāius interfectī sunt.

  5. He and I will go away.
    Is et ego discēdent.

  6. Give the letter to me, your king.
    Dā epistulam mihi, rēgī tuō.

  7. She and her brother have been sent home.
    Ea et frāter domī dīmissī sunt.

  8. His father, the king of Italy, has sent him.
    Pater eius, rēx Italiae, eum mīsit.

  9. I have come to you, my own brother.
    Ad tē vēnī, meum frātrem.

  10. Both the men and the women are good citizens.
    Et virī et fēminae bōnī cīvēs sunt.

23

13 I’d add eius
14 Ditto
15 Discedēmus I 'd say I+he=we
17 eius

24

11 rēgnum, perdidit
13 interficientur
17 domum
20 bonī

25

Many thanks Bedwere and Michael. I will post corrected answers in due course.

here are 1-10 of D

Exercise D.

QUESTIONS; USE OF RELATIVE.

  1. Who saw the man, who killed the king?
    Quis virum vīdit, qui rēgem interfēcit.

  2. Did you, who were present, see him?
    Vīdistīne eum, qui adfuērunt.

  3. Did not Marius, the Roman general, conquer the Teutones.
    Nonne Marius, dux Rōmānus, Teutonōs vīcit. ( is imperātor better and incidentally my Lewis elementary dictionary has imperātōr but OLD has imperātor)

  4. He was not killed by the enemy, was he?
    Num ab hostibus interfectus est?

  5. Has he lost the presents which you gave him?
    Perdiditne dōna quae eī dedistī.

  6. What general conquered the Teutones?
    Quī dux Teutonōs vīcit?

  7. What did you buy for your brother?
    Quid frātrī tuō ēmeruistī.

  8. I have lost the book which I bought for my brother.
    Librum, quem frātrī meō ēmī, perdidī

  9. Whose son are you?
    Cuius fīlius es?

  10. Were you not present?
    Nonne aderās?

26

adfuistis

27

Thanks and ouch! :smiley:

28

Also:
3, 10 Nōnne
7 ēmistī (!)
1, 2, 3, 5, 7 Add question mark

29

For macrons, you may want to compare with https://alatius.com/macronizer/

30

Thanks Michael no idea what I was thinking of in 7, but I have been compiling answers to several sets of exercises from various books and have clearly got a bit confused.

@bedwere Thanks. I saw the macroniser but I had no idea how accurate it is, if you recommend it I will start using it.

31

Wouldn’t we want the number (of you) to be consistent?

Vīdistīne eum, quī adfuistī?

or

Vīdistisne eum, quī adfuistis?

32

Thanks Katalogon. I assumed it was a typo in bedwere’s reply. Unlike my inexplicable howler.

33

I assumed the same, but just a sanity check for me!

I’m learning from all this, so thanks for the effort!

34

Here is a corrected version of A. If anyone spots mistakes please let me know.

EDIT. This has been edited to take account of bedwere’s comment below on 9.
North and Hillard

A

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE;
ABLATIVE OF INSTRUMENT AND AGENT.

\

  1. The land was ruled by a good king.
    Terra ā rēge bonō regēbātur.

  2. The soldier was killed by an arrow.
    Mīles sagittā occīsus est.

  3. The boy killed the bird with a stone.
    Puer avem lapide interfēcit.

  4. The Roman general was defeated by Hannibal.
    Dux rōmānus ā Hannibale victus est.

  5. The soldier killed the peasant with a sword.
    Milēs gladiō agricolam interfēcit.

  6. We have been conquered by the enemy.
    Ab hoste (hostibus) victī sumus.

  7. The walls were defended by the citizens.
    Mūrī ā cīvibus dēfēnsī sunt.

  8. Our city was built by Romulus.
    Urbs nostra ā Rōmulō aedificāta est.

  9. The Romans fortified their city with a wall.
    Rōmānī urbem mūrō mūnīvērunt.

  10. Gaul is separated from Britain by the sea.
    Gallia ā Britanniā marī dīviditur.

  11. A high wall defends the camp.
    Mūrus altus castra dēfendit.

  12. We are loved by our friends, and we love them.
    Ab amīcīs amāmur et eōs amāmus.

  13. We shall not be conquered by the enemy.
    Ab hoste (hostibus) nōn vincēmur.

  14. The camp is defended by a long wall.
    Castra mūrō longō dēfenduntur.

  15. The citizens defended the city.
    Cīvēs urbem dēfendērunt

  16. Cities are defended by the citizens.
    Urbēs ā cīvibus dēfenduntur.

  17. We have taken the camp.
    Castra cēpimus.

  18. The camp has been taken by us.
    Castra ā nōbīs capta sunt.

  19. They are teaching the boys.
    Puerōs docent

  20. The boys are taught by books.
    Puerī librīs docentur.

35

Minor point:

  1. The Romans fortified their city with a wall.
    Rōmānī urbem suam mūrō mūnīvērunt.

suam is not really necessary, unless you want to emphasize.

36

Thanks it might be best in brackets in that case. In earlier examples you suggested I added eius to

  1. Neither the king nor his sons will be killed.
    Neque rēx neque fīliī interficiēntur.

  2. The king and his son Caius have been killed.
    Rēx fīliusque Cāius interfectī sunt.

and

  1. She and her brother have been sent home.
    Ea et frāter domum dīmissī sunt.

I can see that these cases are different but I wondered if eius was necessary here. I find knowing when to include possessives tricky.

  1. Edited :corrected to domum (I should have copied and pasted from my corrected copy on computer.. a bit sloppy).
37

As I understand it, in these examples the subject is actually a generic “they”. Since fīliī, fīlius, and frāter do not belong to the subject, we use ejus to indicate that they instead belong to rēx and Ea. In principle, fīliī etc. could belong to somebody else. However, in 9 urbem belongs by default to the subject, Rōmānī. Hence, suam would be emphatic.

38

Many thanks for your reply. I should have been clearer. I understand when you use suus rather than eius. My question is when one can safely leave out any possessive.

Quite rightly you said suus was not needed except for emphasis in “Rōmānī urbem suam mūrō mūnīvērunt.”

but it seemed to me that eius is a bit redundant in

  1. Neither the king nor his sons will be killed
    Neque rēx neque fīliī eius interficientur.

  2. The king and his son Caius have been killed.
    Rēx et fīlius eius Cāius interfectī sunt.

  3. She and her brother have been sent home.
    Ea et frāter eius domum dīmissī sunt.

I accept that as you say “In principle, fīliī etc. could belong to somebody else”. I left eius out because I thought that was unlikely as we were talking about family members. The problem as ever in single sentence exercise is lack of context.

I have amended these sentences as you suggested to make the relationship clear. It’s probably more helpful for beginners to include it. This is by way of explanation why I had left them out. :smiley:

39

here are 11-20 of Exercise D

I am unsure whether to include the bracketed words in 16 and 18.

Grateful for corrections.

11.Surely he did not say that?
Num id nōn dīxit?

  1. What name is dearest to you?
    Quod nōmen cārissimum tibi est?

13.This is the book that I lost.
Hic liber est quem perdidī.

  1. What cities has he taken?
    Quās urbēs cēpit?

  2. By whom was he killed?
    (A) Quō interfectus est?

  3. Am I not your father?
    Nōnne pater tuus sum?

  4. He did not say that, did he?
    Nōnne id nōn dīxit?

  5. She is not the woman, whose son was present.
    (Ea) mulier nōn est cuius fīlius aderat.

  6. What city do I see?
    Quam urbem videō?

  7. What man’s house have you bought?
    Cuius virī domum ēmistī?

40

Agreed on the previous lot. I wouldn’t add eius even in brackets and certainly not suam. (And in C17 I repeat domum not domi.)

Haven’t properly gone through the new lot, but shouldn’t 11 be Num without non?
Likewise 17.
16 (or 15?) surely A quo rather than Quo.
18 word order non est mulier cuius. And I’d keep Ea. (And in 12 tibi carissimum better order, but now I’m being picky.)