LSJ doesn’t translate these names of alpha:
ἄλφα στερητικόν is alpha privative, I recall, but what were the others: ἄλφα ἀθροιστικόν and ἄλφα ἐπιτατικόν?
I know ἀθροίζω is synonymous with συνάγω, so conceptually it’s easy enough.
Checking the LS under στερητικός, ἁθροιστικός, and ἐπιτατικός may offer you an answer, but I can’t promise it’s a perfect one.
Haveing done that:
Are these underlined words the standard grammatical words in English?
- In ἄσοφος, the alpha is privative.
In ἄκοιτις, the alpha is accumulative.
In ἀτενής, the alpha is intensive.
Thayer:
Α, when preficed to words as an inseparable syllable, is
privative (στερητικόν), like the Lat. in-, the Eng. un-, giving a negative sense to the word to which it is preficed, as ἀβαρής; or signifying what is contrary to it as ἄτιμος, ἀτιμόω; before vowels generally ἀν-, as ἀναίτιος.
copulative (ἀθροιστικόν), akin to the particle ἅμα [cf. Curtis § 598], indicating community and fellowship, as in ἀδελφός, ἀκόλουθος. Hence it is
intensive (ἐπιτατικόν), strengthening the force of terms, like the Lat. con in composition; as ἀτενίζω fr. ἀτενής [yet cf. W. 100 (95)]. This use, however, is doubted or denied now by many [e. g. Lob. Path. Element. i. 34 sq.]. Cf. Kühner i. 741, § 339 Anm. 5; [Jelf § 342 δ]; Bttm. Gram. § 120 Anm. 11; [Donaldson, Gram. p. 344; New Crat. §§ 185, 213; L. and S. s. v.].*
“Privative” and “intensive” are fairly standard. I wasn’t aware that α΄ αθροιστικον had a generally accepted name in English, but I suppose “copulative” would do as well as any other; I see Smyth uses it too. The terms used in ancient Greek grammatical writings are themselves rather variable, and I’m not sure that “α αθροιστικον” is ancient at all.