More homework help -- negatives, questions, emphasis

Latin Learning Latin
1

English to Latin translation. This time practice negation, questions and emphasis (e.g., Does Caesar have the ball?)

The lesson I’m working through introduces the basics but leaves a lot of unanswered questions, so I expect I’ve made a lot of mistakes here trying to do stuff the lesson didn’t cover.

Mark has a sword.
Marcus gladium tenet.
Mark has a sword.
Gladium Marcus tenet.
Mark has a sword.
Tenet Marcus gladium.
Mark has a sword.
???
[Now how do I do the same with pronoun only – “He has a sword.”]

Caesar never sees Rome.
Caesar Romam numquam videt.
Caesar never sees Rome.
Romam Caesar numquam videt.
Caesar never sees Rome.
??? Numquam videt Caesar Romam.
Caesar never sees Rome.
???

Does the wolf catch the deer?
An lupus cervum capit?
Does the wolf catch the deer?
An cervum lupus capit?
Does the wolf catch the deer?
Capitne lupus cervum?
Does the wolf catch the deer?
An lupus cervum capit? [What’s the difference between this and the first?]

Doesn’t Calpurnia hear Caesar?
Nonne Calpurnia Caesarem audit?
Doesn’t Calpurnia hear Caesar?
Nonne Caesarem Calpurnia audit?
Doesn’t Calpurnia hear Caesar?
Auditne Calpurnia Caesar?
Doesn’t Calpurnia hear Caesar?
Nonne Calpurnia Caesarem audit?

Does Mark ever throw a stone?
An Marcus numquam saxum iacit?
Does Mark ever throw a stone?
An saxum Marcus numquam iacit?
Does Mark ever throw a stone?
An numquam iacit Marcus saxum?
Does Mark ever throw a stone?
An Marcus saxum numquam iacit?

Doesn’t the woman ever prepare dinner?
Nonne femina numquam cenam parat?
Doesn’t the woman ever prepare dinner?
An cenam femina numquam parat?
Doesn’t the woman ever prepare dinner?
Numquam paratne femina cenam?
Doesn’t the woman ever prepare dinner?
Nonne femina cenam numquam parat?

___________________________________________

And some miscellaneous questions:

  1. interdum vs. aliquando – is there a difference?
  2. deinde = “then” as in “next, after that”, or “at that time”?
  3. is there a difference between et and -que:
    Caesar gladium et scutum habet. vs.
    Caesar gladium scutumque habet.
  4. How might I emphasize a single element of a compound subject or object? E.g.:
    Are Mark and Brutus killing Caesar?
    Do you have your your sword and shield?
2

Hey,

your questions:

  1. interdum = sometimes, now and then … while aliquando means the same, it also can mean “once” (both future and past).
    eg. aliquando ille illucescet dies. Together with “non” it makes “never”, non aliquando, and aliquando can also emphasize words like “tandem”, eg.: aliquando tandem Catilinam ex urbe eiecimus.

  2. dein/deinde is then/next/afterward (in the future).

  3. well, using “-que”, you will avoid to repeat “et” all the time.
    eg: rana lupus canisque animales sunt. vs. rana et lupus et canis animales sunt. in your example it’s the same.

  4. use atque to emphasize “and brutus” and “and shield”.
    eg. Do you have your your sword and shield?
    Habesne gladium tuum atque scutum tuum?

3

Fr. Patrici,

teneo, -ere versus habeo, -ere.

Ioannes,

in my reading your answer to 4 seems to contradict your answer to 3. Perhaps use of “-que” differs from “et” in its implied emphasis. Would this be a major factor in its choice?