ἐκάλει δὲ ὡς τὰ πολλὰ τῶν ταξιάρχων οὓς καιρὸς αὐτῷ δοκοίη εἶναι,
He invited for the most part of the captains whom it seemed suitable to him scil. to invite. ie, ἐκάλει δὲ ὡς τὰ πολλὰ τῶν ταξιάρχων ἐκείνους οὒς καιρὸς αὐτῷ δοκοίη εἶναι καλεῖν.
The English translation: he usually invited as many of the captains as he thought proper. I do not see how the translator got it this way.
And a little further in the same section: ἐκάλει δὲ καὶ ἐτίμα ὁπότε τινὰς ἴδοι τοιοῦτόν τι ποιήσαντας ὃ αὐτὸς ἐβούλετο ποιεῖν
He also invited and honored whenever he saw someones having done such a thing that he himself wanted (them should be understood I guess] to do.
The English translation : And he also used to invite individuals as a mark of honour, whenever he saw that they had done what he himself wished everybody to do. ‘Everybody’ is too far-fetched.
In the second sentence, πάντας is a variant reading for αὐτός, and might be better. The translator obviously read πάντας.
In the first sentence, ὡς τὰ πολλὰ is an adverbial phrase meaning “for the most part,” i.e., “usually.” See LSJ ὡς Α.3.e. τῶν ταξιάρχων doesn’t depend on πολλὰ. It depends on οὓς.
τῶν ταξιάρχων οὓς – “those of the captains whom,” “those among the captains whom”
καιρός – the first meaning in LSJ is “due measure,” “fitness.”
“He invited for the most part those among the captains whom it seemed to him to be καιρός/fitness/appropriate [to invite].”
“. . . as many of the captains as he thought proper” captures the idea in idiomatic English.
I am not sure how you can link ὅυς to καιρὸς without supposing the omission of καλεῖν.
Yes, another καλεῖν is implicit, the verb of which οὓς is the complement. You recognized that in your first post. He doesn’t need to say it a second time. It’s implicit in “as many of the captains as he thought proper [to invite].”