Χαίρετε!
The aorist passive of γιγνώσκω is ἐγνώσθην. The imperative is γνῶθι (singular) or γνῶτε (plural).
There is a σ that got dropped. Just drop the sigma when it is in an aorist passive stem?
The two imperatives that you’ve given are for the aorist active, not passive, of γιγνώσκω.
You could form the two aorist passive imperatives this way:
- start with the sixth principal part, ἐγνώσθην
- remove the syllabic augment and the personal ending, leaving the stem, γνώσθη-
- add -τι for 2nd sing. and -τε for 2nd. plural imperatives (see model for λύω on page 247)
This gives:
- 2nd sing. imperative γνώσθητι
- 2nd plur. imperative γνώσθητε
Εὐχαριστῶ!
After a while, my eyes were starting to see “aorist passive” when there were not any “passive”.
If I may ask one more question about clarifying what the textbook wrote, here is the first part about future passives on page 245,
express a future passive meaning.
The future passive stem is formed by adding -σομαι (i.e., the future suffix σ + the
theme vowel ο/ε + the primary middle/passive personal endings) to the aorist passive
stem, with the tense vowel η. The indicative is inflected, and the infinitive and
participle are formed just as with a regular future middle in -σομαι.
The commentary does not mention the θ, although the examples include it. I take it that I include the θ with the weak aorists but not the strong ones?
The best thing to do is to start from the sixth principal part. This part will have the θ or not, but you just simply use the sixth part and you will get the correct stem for the future passive. (the stem will always end with ησ-).
You need to read the paragraph you quote with the previous paragraph. In particular "The sixth principal part also provides the basis for the formation of the future passive system. "
"The future passive stem is formed by adding -σομαι (i.e., the future suffix σ + the
theme vowel ο/ε + the primary middle/passive personal endings) to the aorist passive
stem, with the tense vowel η.
So first you have to know the aorist passive stem of a verb. For example λυθη- is the aorist passive stem from λύω. You then add -σομαι.
λυθη- + -σομαι -----> λυθήσομαι
λυ-θ-ή-σ-ομαι is how it breaks down…
I have just seen that Katalogon has posted. So I will leave my reply as it stands. Just to say I think M. is quite clear here.
I just realized that Mastronarde has another lapse is section 4.
“The future passive stem is formed by adding -σομαι …” is not a correct statement. He has confused the future passive with the future passive stem.
He should have said:
“The future passive stem is formed by adding -σ …”
Or the future passive is formed… I think I just elided “stem” when I read it. I checked the corrigenda and it was not picked up there.