On first looking into Babrius's Aesop (after reading the first fable)

I’m on my second fable now. My reaction is that this is more helpful, at my level, for language study than Plato has been. The Aesop stories are simple and brief. With Plato, I’m apt to be sidetracked by questions about the philosophical issues, but I think about philosophy in English. I’m constantly asking, is Socrates serious here? Is this a joke? What can be the purpose of these sentences?

But Babrius helps me focus on elementary Greek. For example, when Babrius used the aorist passive of a deponent verb, I wondered, “Why aorist passive?” A google query found this line in Smyth: “Deponents usually prefer the passive to the middle forms of the aorist.” (Smyth, 356c) If I ever knew that I forgot it.

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Yes, cf. ἐδυνήθη, or διενοήθη.

I gave up on Babrius. The syntax wasn’t hard, but the number of new words imposed a lot of dictionary work. Right now, I want to read many sentences with less dictionary work.

So, to get some easy reading, as well as needed grammar & forms practice, I now work on the JACT Reading Greek book.

Have you looked into the prose versions of the fables? Chambry’s version might be a good place to start.

For example:

Socrates talks about this habit of the κύκνος in Phaedo.

Thanks for the tip. Babrius’s Aesop is easy to understand, after looking up the words. Easy on the literal level, I mean.

I recommend the prose versions for exactly the reason that you’re asking about: the vocabulary of the prose versions is much closer to Attic/NT standard authors. There should be less dictionary work. I come across words that I don’t know all the time in Babrius, but rarely in the prose versions.


That said, if you find Babrius syntax easier, you’re doing better than me. Plenty of sentences in Babrius require me to read through a couple of times, even when I know the words. Ex., pulled at random:

Οὐρή ποτ᾽ ὄφεως οὐκέτ᾽ ἠξίου πρώτην
κεφαλὴν βαδίζειν οὐδ᾽ ἐφείπεθ᾽ ἑρπούσῃ

Definitions and Parts of Speech from ChatGPT
word lemma part of speech morphology core meaning (LSJ)
Οὐρή οὐρά noun nom. sg fem. tail
ποτ᾽ ποτέ adverb enclitic, elided once, at some time
ὄφεως ὄφις noun gen. sg masc. of a serpent / snake
οὐκέτ᾽ οὐκέτι adverb elided no longer, no more
ἠξίου ἀξιόω verb imperfect ind. act. 3 sg considered worthy, claimed, thought right
πρώτην πρῶτος adjective acc. sg fem. first
word lemma part of speech morphology core meaning (LSJ)
κεφαλήν κεφαλή noun acc. sg fem. head
βαδίζειν βαδίζω verb pres. inf. act. to walk, go
οὐδ᾽ οὐδέ conjunction elided and not, nor
ἐφείπεθ᾽ ἐφέπω (mid. ἐφέπομαι) verb imperfect ind. mid. 3 sg (elided ‹‑ο›) was following, accompanied
ἑρπούσῃ ἕρπω participle pres. act. part. dat. sg fem. crawling, creeping

These are all standard words that I know from elsewhere, but that ἠξίου πρώτην κεφαλὴν βαδίζειν confused me right at first.

Thanks for the comments, Joel. That passage would have baffled me too. But you have been studying this longer, and more carefully, than I have, and as one’s power increases, one also asks deeper questions of the text under study.

I must have had good luck on a few of Babrius’s fables. Dictionary work puts me through the wringer, because often I don’t get the correct secondary meaning until after reading a translation. OTOH, something like a NT lexicon is a big help.