North and Hilllard Prose Composition

Latin Learning Latin
1

I wouldn’t mind if some kind folks could check in every once and awhile and correct my work :smiley:.

Exercise 2[A]

  1. I am going to the city to buy bread.
  2. He went to the city lest he should see his father.
  3. We have gone home to see our friends
  4. We shall go to Caesar to ask for peace.
  5. Do not send me to ask for peace.
  6. We were running fast that we might not be caught.
  7. I have bought a horse that I may not be tired.
  8. Give him a sword that he may not be killed.
  9. You had gone to Italy to see the king’s son.
  10. We were sent to ask for peace.

My Latin:

  1. Eo ad urbem ut panem emam.
  2. Adit ad urbem ne patrem ejus videret
  3. Nos redivimus domum ut nostros amicos videremus
  4. Ibimus ad Caesarem ut pacem petamus.
  5. Noli mittere me ut pacem petam.
  6. Currebamus celeriter ne nos raptati essemus.
  7. Equum emi ne fessus essem.
  8. Da ei gladium ne conficiatur.
  9. Ieras Italiam ut filium regis videres.
  10. Missus sumus ut pacem peteremus.

Corrections:

  1. Adiit ad urbem ne patrem videret.
  2. Nos redivimus domum ad visendos amicos.
  3. Currebamus celeriter ne raperemur.
  4. Equum emi ne fessus sim.
  5. Da ei gladium ne necetur.
  6. Missi sumus ut pacem peteremus
2
  1. Adit ad urbem ne patrem suum videret
    Should be adiit or adivit, and suum not eius, and really there’s no need for suum in all likelihood
  2. Nos redivimus domum ut nostros amicos videremus
    I would think ad visendos amicos would be better, or ut nostros amicos viseremus; viso has more of a meaning of “visit”. And from the context it seems “gone home” means “going to the area where I grew up”, not “going to my house”. In republican Latin, at least, purpose with a verb of motion is more often expressed with ad + gerundive, or even the supine
  3. Currebamus celeriter ne nos raptati essemus.
    I’d leave out the “nos”, and rapti from rapio would be better than raptati from rapto, which is mostly a poetical word
  4. Da ei gladium ne conficiatur.
    Necetur or interficatur would be better, I think; I see conficio way more often in the sense of “destroy” or “wear out” than kill

Really though only two actual grammatical errors in there, everything else I said, I might well be wrong on, it’s one thing to read Latin, another thing to write it or to recognize good usage from bad. I will say that your word-order is often a little too close to English.

3

Also the following
6) … ne raperemur

  1. Ieras in Italiam…
  2. Missi sumus
4
  1. videamus probably better than videremus. “We have gone” indicates a primary tense, unlike “we went” in 2, so here we’re in primary sequence.

Cancel both nos and nostri, unless you want to say “We’ve gone home to see our friends” (e.g. unlike you, who haven’t gone home to see yours). Likewise cancel nos in 6 (and eius in 2, unless it’s someone else’s father), as horus92.

  1. ne caperemur.

  2. fessus sim (or fiam), see on 3.

Word order. Objects and adverbial phrases normally precede the verb. E.g. 1 ad urbem eo, and so on with all the rest. You do this in the subordinate clauses: you should do it in the main clauses too (as you do in 7).

5

Thanks to all of you for your helpful corrections and advice! The two main errors I sensed in my first exercise were the following: (1) Not distinguishing primary sequence and secondary sequence uses of the perfect tense and (2) writing my main clauses in more or less English word order. The funny thing is that I do not usually do (2) when writing in Latin, yet with these purpose clauses it just felt weird to me-- for whatever reason-- to write my sentences the usual way.

I will definitely be posting the next exercise sometime soon and you all will help me again!

6

Exercise 3 [A]

  1. The enemy retreated in order to avoid a battle.
  2. We shall send 200 men in order that we may hinder the enemy’s march.
  3. They marched quickly so that the enemy might not learn their plans.
  4. We advanced to the top of the hill to see the enemy’s camp.
  5. He is marching with Caesar so that he may not be accused by us.
  6. We work in order to become rich.
  7. They have come to ask for arms from us.
  8. In order that we may not think you a coward, fight bravely.
  9. He did this in order that a poor man might not be consul.
  10. We ought not to do this to be praised.

My Latin:

  1. Hostes se receperunt ut pugnam viterent.
    (I’m a little confused about the phrase “se receperunt,” but that is what the answer key reccomended).
  2. Docentos mittemus ut iter militum impediamus.
  3. Celeriter iter fecerunt ne hostes consilia cognoscerent.
  4. Ad summum collis processerunt ad castra hostium videnda.
  5. Iter cum Caesare facit ne a nobis accusetur.
  6. Laboramus ut divites fiamus.
  7. Venerunt ut arma nos rogent.
  8. Ne ignavum te cogitemus fortiter pugna.
  9. Hoc fecit ne pauper consul fieret.
  10. Hoc non facere dembemus ut laudemur.

Corrections:

  1. Hostes se receperunt ut pugnam vitarent.
  2. Ducentos mittemus ut iter militum impediamus.
  3. Ad summum collem processimus ad castra hostium videnda.
  4. Cum Caesare iter facit ne a nobis accusetur.
  5. Hoc facere non dembemus ut laudemur.
    All corrections welcome, including style and anything that will make my a better Latin writer.
7
  1. Hostes se receperunt ut pugnam viterent.
    Should be vitarent
  2. Docentos mittemus ut iter militum impediamus.
    Ducentos, maybe a typo though
  3. Ad summum collis processerunt ad castra hostium videnda.
    Ad summum collem
8

Thanks for the corrections. “Docentos” was definitely a typo.

9

Also:
4. Who?

Sequence of tenses good. Word order good, except
5 Iter cum Caesare facit better not to split iter facit (so Cum Caes. it. fac.), and
10 Hoc non facere debemus better Hoc facere non debemus. It’s debemus that should be negatived, not facere. “We oughtn’t do this” vs. “We ought to not do this” (to refrain from doing this).

10

Thanks again, mwh and all, for your helpful corrections and critique. Keep it coming!

Exercise 4**1. I was sent to ask for peace.
2. I shall do this in order to help my friends.
3. They have gone away lest they should be seen.
4. They had gone away that they might not be seen.
5. We will leave the sick that we may not be hindered.
6. To help our friends we are willing to suffer pain.
7. To help us they had marched very quickly.
8. He did this in order to become consul.
9. They retreated that they might not be killed.
10. Let us go to the top of the hill to see the plain.

My Latin:
\

  1. Missus sum ut pacem rogarem.
  2. Hoc faciam ut meos amicos adjuvem.
  3. Abierunt ne videatuntur.
  4. Abierunt ne viderent.
  5. Aegros relinquemus ne impediamus.
  6. Ut amicos adjuvemus dolorem pati volumus.
  7. Ut nos adjuvarent celeriter iter fecerant.
  8. Hoc fecit ut consul fieret.
  9. Se receperunt ne interficerentur.
  10. Ad summum collem eamus ut campum videamus.

    Corrections:
    \
  11. Abierunt ne videantur.
  12. Abierunt ne viderent.
  13. Aegros relinquemus ne impediamur.
  14. Ut nos adjuvarent celeriter iter fecerant.**
11

Check 3 and 4, and use superlative in 7.

12

Also, in no.5 you’ve written impediamus. What should it be?
And avoid needlessly lost marks such as typos, e.g. compum in no.10.

13

Thanks again for all of your help. I’ll try to make sure I do not make silly mistakes like typos.

Exercise 5**:
\

  1. In order not to be accused myself, I accused my friend.
  2. We ought to praise good men to make others good.
  3. To avoid the enemy march very quickly.
  4. We left the sick so that we might not be hindered.
  5. I have not come to avoid my enemies.
  6. To be safe stay in the city.
  7. All of us will come with you, so that you may be safe.
  8. Do not come in order to save me.
  9. In order that the enemy might not take the city the whole of the army set out.
  10. That they may not be caught by the enemy do not send many men.

    My Latin:
    \
  11. Ne ipse accusarer meum amicum accusavi.
  12. Bonos laudare debemus ut alios bonos faciamus.
  13. Ut hostes vitetis celerrime iter facite.
  14. Aegros reliquimus ne impediremur.
  15. Non veni ut inimicos vitem.
  16. Ut tutus sis in urbe mane.
  17. Omnes tecum veniemus ut tutus sis.
  18. Ne venias ut me serves.
  19. Ne urbem hostes caperent totus exercitus profectus est.
  20. Ne a hostibus capiantur multos noli mittere.

    Corrections:
  21. Ne ab hostibus capiantur multos noli mittere.**
14

Looks good to me. (8 or plural, 10 ab hostibus.)
In 6 and 7 tutus could of course be tuta—but probably not in N&H!

15

Mwh, glad to hear I am improving :slight_smile:. Here is the next exercise. Again, thanks for your help.

Exercise 6[A]:

  1. The soldiers are so brave that they always conquer the enemy.
  2. He has done this in such a way that we do not praise him.
  3. The enemy were so many that all our men were afraid.
  4. He escaped so quickly that no one could catch him.
  5. The battle was fought so fiercely that all the soldiers were killed.
  6. The danger is so great that no ships can be saved.
  7. So deep is the river that no one can cross it.
  8. They have conquered the enemy so often that now they despise them.
  9. Their fear was so great that they did not dare to cross the river.
  10. So great a storm had arisen that all the sailors were terrified.

My Latin:

  1. Milites tam breves sunt ut semper hostes vincant.
  2. Ita hoc fecit ut non eum laudemus.
  3. Hostes tot fuerunt ut omnes nostri timerent.
  4. Tam celeriter effugit ut nemo capere eum posset.
  5. Tam ferociter pugnatum est ut omnes milites interfacti sint.
  6. Tantum est periculum ut nullae naves servari possunt.
  7. Tam altum flumen est ut nemo id transire possit.
  8. Toties hostes vicerunt ut nunc eos despiciant.
  9. Tantum eorum metum ut non flumen transire auderent.
  10. Tanta tempestas accidereat ut omnes nautae timerent.

Grammar clarification: the authors mention that one difference between result clauses and purpose clauses is that in result clauses sometimes if historical sequence is used, a perfect rather than an imperfect is used, in order to express a completed rather than an ongoing action. Did I rightly interpret that? And is it reflected in the above? Thanks.

Corrections:

  1. Milites tam fortes sunt ut semper hostes vincant.
  2. Tam ferociter pugnatum est ut omnes milites interfect sint.
  3. Tantus eorum metus ut non flumen transire auderent.
  4. Tanta tempestas acciderat ut omnes nautae timerent.
16
17

bedwere’s marked your mistakes. brevis (short e) is not “brave”! In 3, erant (ongoing).

Result/purpose. Doesn’t apply here, except for ut non vs. ne, which you have right.

18

I feel stupid! I know that brevis does not mean brave. Thanks again for the corrections guys.

19

Bedwere, I do not see my mistake in 5 (if you are supposing that I messed up the sequence of tenses). Though I used a different word than N&H-- and perhaps that’s the problem you’re referring to-- I have the same sequence of tenses as they do. Moreover, they made a note in the section that in result clauses which have a secondary (historical) sequence in the main clause, (unlike purpose clauses) nevertheless may still have a perfect subjunctive in the result clause in the case that the result is “momentary” rather than continuous (vid. footnote on pg. :sunglasses:.

20

Exercise 7[A]:

  1. We were so tired that we remained in the plain.
  2. Are you strong enough to defeat the enemy?
  3. The snow was so deep that we did not set out, but remained in the camp.
  4. He has said this so often that now I am weary.
  5. So numerous were the enemy that they easily took the city.
  6. The tree was so high that it fell, and lay on the ground.
  7. We were not brave enough to return to the battle.
  8. Such was his courage that all men praised him, and wished to follow him.
  9. He has done this so easily that he is not tired.
  10. These trees were of such a kind that we could not climb them.

My Latin:

  1. Tam fessi eramus ut in campo maneremus.
  2. Esne satis fortis ut hostes vincas?
  3. Tam alta nix ut non proficisceremur sed in castris maneremus.
  4. Toties hoc dixit ut iam defessus sim.
  5. Tot hostes erant ut facile urbem ceperit.
  6. Tam alta arbor erat ut ceciderit et humi iaceret.
  7. Non satis fortes eramus ut in pugnam rediremus.
  8. Talis erat ejus fortitudo ut omnes eum laudarent vellentque eum sequi.
  9. Tam facile hoc fecit ut non defessus sit.
  10. Hae arbores tales erant ut non eas ascendere possemus.

Corrections:
3. Tam alta nix erat ut non proficisceremur sed in castris maneremus.
5. Tot hostes erant ut facile urbem ceperint.