First Greek Writer Exercises III->

Greek Learning Greek
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I will try breaking off threads for every group of three exercises going forward, but may adjust that depending on forum clutter. And I’m going to use the following headings to organize my posts:

Exercise X – Comment @YYY
Exercise X – Submission
Exercise X – Correction

Exercise III – Submission

οὗτος ὁ ἵππος ὁ ἐμός ἐστιν. πρότερον μὲν ἰσχυρός ῆν νῦν δὲ σφόδρα λεπτὸς καὶ φαῦλός ἐστιν. καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν λέξω. οἱ γεωργοὶ οἵς ἐπέτρεπον αὐτὸν σφόδρα ἄπιστοι ῆσαν. τὸν τοῦ ἵπποῦ σῖτον ἔκλεπτον. ἀλλ’ ἡ μηχανὴ καλή ἐστιν ἥν ἔχω λίθους γὰρ ἔθηκα ἐς τὴν φάτνην. ἐσθίων ὁ ἵππος τὸν σῖτον ἀποπτύει τοὺς λίθους. οἱ δὲ γεωγοὶ κλέπτουσι τὸν σῖτον σὺν τοῖς λίθοις. τούτῳ τρόπῳ ῥᾴδιός ἐστὶ τὴν ἀπάτην ἐξευρεῖν. οὐκέτι οἱ γεωγοὶ κακοί ἔσονται. φοβερὰ γὰρ ἡ ζημία ἐκείνοις καὶ χαλεπή.

Exercise III – Correction 0.1

οὗτος ὁ ἵππος μού ἐστιν. πρότερον μὲν ἰσχυρός ῆν νῦν δὲ σφόδρα λεπτὸς καὶ φαῦλός ἐστιν. καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν ἐρῶ. οἱ γεωργοὶ οἷς ἐπέτρεπον αὐτὸν σφόδρα ἄπιστοι ῆσαν. τὸν γὰρ τοῦ ἵππου σῖτον ἔκλεπτον. ἀλλὰ μηχανὴ ἔχω καλήν τινα λίθους γὰρ ἔθηκα ἐς τὴν φάτνην. τὸν γὰρ σῖτον ἐσθίων ὁ ἵππος ἀποπτύσει τοὺς λίθους. οἱ δὲ γεωγοὶ κλέψουσι τὸν σῖτον σὺν τοῖς λίθοις. τούτῳ τῷ τρόπῳ ῥᾴδιον ἔσται τὴν ἀπάτην ἐξευρεῖν. ὥστε οἱ γεωγοὶ οὐκέτι κακοὶ ἔσονται. φοβερὰ γὰρ ἡ ζημία αὐτοῖς καὶ χαλεπή.

Exercise IV – Submission

ἤδη ὁ στρατὸς ἐν τῷ στρατοπέδῳ ἐστὶ καὶ τὸ ναυτικόν παρὰ τῷ αἰγιαλῷ τῆς νήσου. οἱ πολέμιοι ἐπὶ τοῦ λόφου ἐστὶ ὅ ἐναντίος ἡμετέρου τοῦ στρατοπεδοῦ. αὐρίου ἴσως μάχη ἔσται οἱ γὰρ δοκοῦσι ἕτοιμοι. αὕτη δὲ ἡ μηχανή ἐστι τοῦ ἡμετέρου στρατηγοῦ. νῦν γὰρ πάντα σκοτεινά ἐστι, καὶ τὰ πυρὰ τῶν πολεμίων ὀλίγα. οὐ τοίνυν χαλεπός ἔσται τοὺς ἡμετέρους στρατούς ἐλθεῖν αὐτοῖς καὶ τῶν πολλῶν ἀποτεμεῖν κεφαλάς. καὶ οὕτως αὐρίου ὀλίγοι ζωοὶ ἔσονται, καὶ ἡ νίκη ἡμετέρα ἔσται.

Exercise V – Submission

τάφρος ἔστι ἐν τούτῳ τῷ ἀγρῷ καὶ ὅ ἔχει πλεῖστον βόρβορον. τῶν δὲ πολλῶν ἵππων οἵ ἐνταῦθα εἴσιν ἕνα τινα ἐν δείνῳ κινδύνῳ δοκεῖ. αὐτὸς γὰρ ἐγγυς ἕστηκε ἐπὶ αὐτοῦ τοῦ τάφρου. οἴμοι νῦν ἐν μέσῳ τοῦ βορβόρου αὐτός ἐστιν. καὶ ἀπορία νῦν ἔστι τοῖς ἄλλοις οὐ δὲ οἷός τε ἐξέλκειν τὸν ἑταῖρον αὐτῶν. μόνος γὰρ ὁ δεπότης τούτον οἷός τε ποιεῖν οἴκοι δέ ἐστιν. ἐν τοῖς ἴπποις ἔστιν εἷς ὅ σοφώτερός ἐστι τῶν ἄλλων. [ὀνoμάζουσι αὐτὸν Λάσσι.] καὶ τρέχει πρὸς τὸν οἶκον τῇ δὲ κεφαλῇ παίει τῆν θύραν. καὶ οὖν τὸ κακὸν δῆλόν ἐστι τῷ δεσπότῃ καὶ ἐξέλκει τὸν ἵππον.

Markos and mwh have already commented on III:

Exercise III – Comment @Joel from Markos

jeidsath wrote:
Exercise III…τούτῳ τρόπῳ ῥᾴδιός ἐστὶ τὴν ἀπάτην ἐξευρεῖν.

I would expect the neuter and you need an article for the demonstrative: τούτῳ τῷ τρόπῳ ῥᾴδιόν ἐστὶ τὴν ἀπάτην ἐξευρεῖν.

Exercise III – Comment @Joel from mwh

ὁ ἵππος ὁ ἐμός means “my horse,” emphatic “my.” “My horse” is just ο ιππος μου.

λέξω. ἐρῶ more usual.

οἵς οἷς

τὸν τοῦ ἵπποῦ σῖτον ἔκλεπτον better with γὰρ after τὸν. Greek uses connectives except where asyndeton is called for—as it is in the previous sentence—and in the 2nd.

ἀλλ’ ἡ μηχανὴ καλή ἐστιν ἥν ἔχω reads very oddly: “But the plan is fine, the one that I have.” You mean something like “But I have a fine plan”? αλλα μηχανην εχω καλήν τινα (note idiomatic τινα). Or if “My plan (the plan I have) is a fine one,” η δε μηχανη ἣν εχω καλή ’στιν. (There are syntactically challenging ways of doing this too.)

λίθους γὰρ ἔθηκα ἐς τὴν φάτνην Good word order.

ἐσθίων ὁ ἵππος τὸν σῖτον Better to keep εσθιων τον σιτον (or τον σιτον εσθιων) together. Connective needed, another γαρ best.

ἀποπτύει, κλέπτουσι, εστι. Futures would read more naturally, but I guess you’re translating presents.

Connective for next sentence. ωστε best.
ουκετι better before κακοι.

εκεινοις better αυτοις, since no others are in question. Word order good.

III. μηχανὴ⟨ν⟩ typo. γεω⟨ρ⟩γοι.

I’ll bow out at this point (unless there are questions on this, in which case I’ll try to address them), so that everyone can have a go.

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I have two questions in Exercise IV below that I hope someone can help me out with.

Exercise III — Correction with key

“Those farmers to whom I entrusted…”
“For the penalty to them will be…”

Exercise IV — Correction with key

Grave on ναυτικὸν.
ὅ → ὅς and ἐναντίος takes the dative
I understand neither τῇ nor αὔριον here. ἐκεῖνοι is obviously correct. I believe that omitting the εἶναι is not an error.
I obviously forgot λάθρα. The χαλεπόν modifies the [τὸ] πρὸς ἐκείνους ἐλθεῖν. Understood like that, the dative case to “for our soldiers” is clear.
αὔριον confuses me, as above. I have seen both οὕτως and οὕτω, but I don’t know if there are any rules about one versus the other (I assume not). δὲ is obviously better as the connection.

Exercise V — Correction with key

The ὅ that I’ve added is clearly unnecessary. I believe that ἐστί can be understood as copular, because ἐν τῷ ἀγρῷ τούτῳ would be an attributive of place, so Sidgwick’s accentuation is correction.
κινδύνῳ δεινῷ is correct, of course. Again, I believe that I am still correct with εἶναι omitted?
αὐτός is again unnecessary. τάφρος is feminine, (as a container, or earth? See Farrar 34 — a good resource in the first half). And the horse is on the edge of the ditch, not the middle of it, apparently. I should watch elision.
αὐτός is unnecessary. μέσος is an adjective in Greek!
Sidgwick definitely agrees with how I’ve see ἀπορία used in Xenophon. ἔτεροι seems better than ἄλλοι but I couldn’t say why. αὐτῶν is unnecessary, but I think optional (unlike above).
τοῦτο is correct as neuter.
ὄ → ὃς again. I did not know that I could use πολλῷ like that. (It still gives me trouble, actually.)

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τῇ αὔριον sc. ἡμέρᾳ

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Exercise VI

οἱ Ἰνδοί ἐστι κακοὶ ἄνθρωποι τιμῶσι γὰρ ψευστὰς καὶ κλέπτας. καὶ δεσπότης τις ἔστιν ᾧ ἦν χρυσῆ πλίνθος ἡ δὲ τιμὴ τοῦ χρυσοῦ ἦν θαυμασία. ὁ μὲν δοῦλός τις τῆς οἰκίας ἔκλεψε τὴν πλίνθον ὁ δὲ κλέπτης ἄδηλος ἦν τῷ δεσπότῃ. ἀλλὰ κριτὴς ὁ σοφός τις ἦν ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ, καὶ πάντα ἐχεῦρε τῇδε τῇ μηχανή. οἱ γὰρ δοῦλοι ἦσαν περὶ αὐτοῦ συνειλεγμένοι ἐς τὸ αὐτό. τοῦ δὲ κριτῆς φόβος ὁ μέγιστος ἦν. καὶ τοῦτον τὸν λόγον εἶπε. πτερὸν ἐπὶ τῆς κεφαλῆς ἔχει ὁ κλέπτης. οἱ μὲν ἕτεροι ἥσυχοι ἦσαν ὁ δὲ κλέπτης ἐτίναξε ταχέως τὴν κεφαλήν ὥστε φανερὸς ῆν τοῖς δούλοις καὶ τῷ κριτῇ.

Exercise VII

χίμαιρα τῷ ἀδελφῷ ἦν ἣν θαυμάσιῳ τρόπῳ εὖρε. πέτρα γὰρ οὐ μακρὰν ἀπό τῆς οἰκίας ἔστι καὶ μέγα ἄντρον ὐπὸ τῆς γῆς ἐν τῇ πέτρᾳ. ποτὲ δὲ ὁ ἀδελφὸς ἐν τῷ ἄντρῳ ἦν, καὶ ὑπὸ ὕπνου βαρυνόμενος ἔκειτο μέγαν χρόνον ἥσυχος. ἐξαίφνης δὲ λαμπροὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς διὰ τοῦ σκότου εἶδε. ὁ δὲ ἐν πολλῷ φόβῳ. οἱ γὰρ ὀφθαλμοὶ τοιοῦτοι ἦν τῷ λύκῳ καὶ πλέα ἐστίν ἡ χώρα λύκων. ἀλλ’ ἐν τούτῳ ἡ χίμαιρα ἔλειχε τοὺς δακτύλους τῆς ἀριστερᾶς αὐτοῦ, οὐκέτι δὲ ἦν οὐδεὶς φόβος αὐτῷ.

Exercise VI — Correction with key

Once again ἐστι → εἰσιν
Make more sense without the μέν…δέ
The ὁ before σοφός was incorrect, I think.
περί takes the accusative here. See LSJ. Word order feels better in Sidgwick, with the verb and participle at the ends of the phrases.
Ditch the ὁ again. κριτοῦ by the rule for masculine second declension nouns.

Exercise VII — Correction with key

ἦν → ἔστι. “My brother.” There is no “a certain” in the English, but τις works.
Grave on ἀπό. Notice word order, τις and ταύτῃ
ὑπὸ ὕπνου βαρυνόμενος → ὕπνῳ βαρυνόμενος. μακρὸν χρόνον.
ἦν → εἰσί.
I think that αὐτοῦ is permissible. I don’t know if there is any meaning or emphasis difference between οὐδεὶς φόβος αὐτῷ and αὐτῷ φόβος οὐδείς.

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Exercise IIΙ – Submission
οὗτος ὁ ἵππος ἐμός ἐστιν. πρότερον ἦν ἰσχυρός. νῦν δὲ λεπτὸς καὶ
φαῦλος ἐστίν. λέξω τὴν αἰτίαν τούτου. ἄπιστοι ἦσαν ἐκεῖνοι οἱ γεωργοὶ οἶς τὸν ἐπὸν ἵππον ἐπέτρεπον. τὸν σῖτον ἔκλεπτον τοῦ ἵππου. ἀλλὰ ἀγαθὴ ἡ μηχανὴ ἥν ἔχω. ἐγὼ γὰρ ἔθηκα τοὺς λίθους ἐς τὴν φάτνην. ὁ μὲν ἵππος ἐσθίων ἀποπτύει τοὺς λίθους. οἱ δὲ γεωργοὶ κλέπτουσι τόν σὺν λίθοις σῖτον. ἐν τούτῳ τῷ τρόπῳ ῥᾴδιόν ἐστι ἐξευρεῖν ἀπάτην. οὐκέτι πονηροί ἔσονται οἱ γεωργοί. ἡ δὲ ζημία αὐτοῖς ἔσται φοβερή καὶ χαλεπή.
Self-Corrections:

  1. κακή is better.
  2. ἥν should have a grave (don’t know yet how to type it).
  3. φοβερὰ
    φαῦλος ἐστίν Sidgwick has: φαῦλός ἐστι.


    Exercise III – Comment @ Joel
    I like having a pattern. I’ll follow your conventions (comments @, submission, etc).

I think listing the Corrections with key interlaced is personal work we could do off the Forum. But I don’t think it does much good to post it on the Forum.

I’d suggest we composers simply

  • a) Post an original translation, and
    b) Post our corrections to that translation after looking at the key or other participant’s translations.

What that leaves is our best shot at a corrected composition that others can look over and help us with.
My two cents, anyway.

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Sounds good to me. I’ll edit my above posts to follow that format. Since we have the good version in the key, I’ll also just post new exercises, with the errors I caught highlighted in red. Others can supply the corrections (with explanations). Hopefully this will keep the discussion going.

Exercise VIII

ἐν τῇ ὕλῃ ἀνήριθμαι μέλισσαι εἴσι πάντῃ πετόμεναι τάχισται. ποῦ ἐστι τὸ χωρίον ἐν ᾧ ἔστι ἡ οἰκία αὗται; ἴσως ἐν ἑνί τινι τούτων τῶν δένδρων μεγάλων. σαπρόν πολλάκις ἐστὶ τὸ ξύλον διὰ τὸν μακρὸν χρονὸν καὶ τὸν δεινὸν ὑετόν. καὶ οὖν ἐν τῷ κοίλῳ ἄντρον ἔστιν ὅ οὔκ ἄνευ πόνου πεποίηται ἐς οἰκίαν ὑπὸ τῶν μελίσσων. τοῦτο μὲν θαυμάσιον ὅτι οὐκ ἄνθρωποι [ταῖς μελίσσαις] ἔχθιστοί ἐστιν οἱ δὲ ἄρκτοι. οὗτοι γὰρ ὅμοιοι τοῖς παιδίοις, σφόδρος μέγας πόθος ἦν τῶν ἡδίστων τοῖς αὐτοῖς.

Exercise IX

διὰ τί παντοῖοι ἄνθρωποι πιστοὶ [τῷ] Κύρῳ ὅσοι ὑπήκοοι ἦσαν τῇ ἀρχῇ αὐτοῦ; ὅτι σφόδρα πιστὸς αὐτὸς ἦν καὶ ἀεὶ ἕτοιμος ἦν τὸν πλοῦτον αὐτοῦ ἑταίροῖς δοῦναι καὶ δῶρα δεόμενος ἕκαστου τοῖς δὲ φίλοις πολλοὺς ἀντελάμβανεν ἀλλ’ οὐκ τοσοῦτος ἐκεῖνοι αὐτοῖς. ἐνιότε δὲ ὁ σῖτον σπάνιον ἦν τοῖς ἀνθρώποις καὶ [ὁ] χιλὸς τοῖς ἵπποις. τότε μὲν ἔπεμπε ἄρτους ἐκείνοις [καὶ περὶ] τοῦ δὲ χίλου τοῦτο ἔφη ἐμοί ἐστι χιλὸς διὰ τὴν ἐπιμέλειαν τῶν δούλων. ὥστε δώσω τοὺς φίλους ᾧ γὰρ ἄνθρωπος φίλος ἦν ᾧ δὲ οὐχ ἦσσον ὁ ἵππος αὐτοῦ.

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Exercise IV - Submission
ἤδη ὁ στρατός ἐν τῷ στρατοπέδῳ ἐστίν (1) καὶ τὸ ναυτικὸν παρὰ τὸν (2) ταύτης τῆς νήσου αἰγιαλὸν ἐστίν. οἱ δὲ πολέμιοι εἰσίν ἐπὶ τοῦ λόφου ὅς ἐναντίος τῷ στρατοπέδῳ ἡμῶν ἐστιν. τάχα αὔριον (3) μάχη ἔσται· οὗτοι δοκοῦσι ἕτοιμοι εἶναι (4). αὕτη δὲ ἐστίν (5) ἡ μηχανὴ τοῦ ἡμετέρου στρατηγοῦ· νῦν γὰρ σκοτεινά ἐστιν τὰ πάντα καὶ ὀλίγα τὰ πυρὰ τῶν πολεμίων. τοίνυν οὐ χαλεπὸν ἔσται (6) λάθρα ἐλθεῖν πρὸς αὐτοὺς καὶ ἀποτεμεῖν τὰς κεφαλάς πολλῶν. καὶ οὕτως αὔριον ἔσονται ὀλίγοι ζωοί καὶ ἡ νίκη ἔσται ἡμέτερα.

Exercise IV - Corrections from Key
(1) Sidgwick has “…στρατοπέδῳ ἐστί, καὶ…” What’s the difference?
(2) “τὸν… αἰγιαλὸν” This should be Dative – location. Acc = motion alongside.
(3) Sidgwick, “τῇ αὔριον…” τῇ must stand for τῇ ἡμέρᾳ. Genesis 30:33 LXX ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῇ αὔριον. Is it wrong without the τῇ ? Leviticus 19:6 βρωθήσεται καὶ τῇ αὔριον,
(4) Sidgwick notes in § 34 “When in a clause of oratio obliqua the subject is the same as that of the principal verb, it is Nominative and not (as in Latin) Accusative. Thus: – I say that you are good. φημί σε ἀγαθὸν εἶναι. I say that I am good. φημί ἀγαθὸς εἶναι.
δοκεῖ γὰρ αὐτούς ἐτοίμους εἴναι.
(5) δέ ἐστιν
(6) ADD τοῖς ἡμετέροις στρατιώταις

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οὐχί

1 Κορ 15, 32, φάγωμεν καὶ πίωμεν, αὔριον γὰρ ἀποθνήσκομεν.

ἀλλὰ τὸ «τῇ αὔριον» καλόν ἐστι.

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Exercise III — Comment @ Σαύλῳ

οἶς → οἷς
ἣν Do you use Windows or Apple? On Apple, it will be shift+=. I don’t recall how the Windows keyboard maps, possibly as labelled here:

http://files.meetup.com/18191717/Ancient%20polytonic%20Greek%20in%20Windows.pdf

Sidgwick has φαῦλός ἐστι because it is an enclitic following a properispomenon. See Chandler 971.
ἀλλὰ ἀγαθὴ ἡ μηχανὴ ἥν ἔχω → ἀλλ’ ἀγαθὴ ἦν ἡ μηχανὴ ἣν ἔχω
πονηροί → grave

Exercise IV — Comment @ Σαύλῳ

I think that mwh comments on the movable ν in the other thread. A comma isn’t quite the same as a full stop.
πολέμιοί εἰσιν See Chandler 970.

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I have a list of corrections for each of these from the key, but it’s probably more fun for everyone else if I just leave them as my first draft.

Exercise X

ὁ στρουθὸς θαυμάσιον ζῶόν ἐστιν. πτερὰ γάρ ἐστι αὐτῷ ἀλλ’ οὐκ οἶός τε πέτεσθαι τοῖς πτεροῖς. ποτὲ εἶδόν τινα λευκὸν ἐπὶ τῆς ψάμμου. μορφῇ δὲ ὁμοίον τῇ κεφαλῇ παῖδός. τοῦτο δὲ τὸ ᾠόν τοῦ στρουθός. τοῦτο μὲν τὸ ζῶον ἰσχυρόν ἐστιν ἀνόητον δέ ἐστιν καὶ δειλόν. ἔρχεται γὰρ τὴν μάχην τοῖς πολεμίοις ἐκείνου ἀλλ’ ὑπὸ φόβου τοῦ κινδύνου φεύγει. ἐνίοτε δὲ ἔχει δεινότερον φόβον καὶ τούτῳ ὠθεῖ τὴν κεφαλὴν εἰς τὴν ψάμμον. τὰ δὲ ἕτερα οὐκ κρυπτὰ ἦν τὸ δὲ ὄρνεον δῆλον ἦν τοῖς θηρευτάς.

Exercise XI

οὗτός ἐστι μῦθος περὶ τῶν λύκων καὶ τῶν προβάτων οἷῳ ἡ βουλὴ ἐγένετο περὶ τῶν κακῶν καὶ ἡ ἀδικία. τὰ γὰρ πρόβατα ἔπασχε δεινὰ ὑπὸ τῶν λύκων ὥστε οὐποτὲ οὐδεμία ἀσφάλεια ἐκείνοις ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ. καὶ δία τοῦτο ἀνάγκη εὑρεῖν μηχανήν τις. προβάτιόν τι δὲ ἦν σοφώτερον τῶν ἑτέρων καὶ τόδε εἶπε ὦ πρόβατα ὁ βίος αὐτοὺς κακὸς ἦν δία τούτους τοὺς λύκους. βουλὴ ἔσται οἱ δὲ λύκοι παρέσονται πείσομεν δὲ ἐκείνους ποιεῖσθαι φιλίαν καὶ εἰρήνην πρὸς ἡμᾶς. εἰρηνικός εἰμι καὶ ἡ μάχη ἡ πρὸς τοὺς λύκους οὐ φιλία ἦν ἐμοι.

Exercise XII

σύλλογος οὖν πρὸς βουλὴν ἦν τῶν προβάτων οἱ δὲ καὶ λύκοι αὐτοὶ ἦλθον ὀυδ’ ἐκωλύοντο ὑπὸ ἐκείνων. τὰ δὲ πρόβατα τάδε εἶπον ἐν δείνῳ δὴ κινδύνῳ ἐσμέν ἁρπαζόμενοι ὑπὸ τῶν λύκων. καὶ τοῦτό ἐστι ἄδικον ὥστε βουλόμεθα νόμον τινὰ ἔχειν οὕτως μᾶλλον ἔσονται ἐν ἀσφαλείᾳ. οἱ δὲ λύκοι τοῦτο αὐτοῖς εἶπον νόμος τις ἔσται τοιόσδε τὸ προβάτιον ἀδικούμενον λύκῳ ἄξει τὸν ἄδικον πρὸς τὴν ἡμετεραν βουλὴν καὶ ἔσται ἀμφοτέρῳ αὐτῶν τὸ δικαίον. τότε μὲν ἦν τερπνὸν τοῖς προβάτων ὁ δὲ ἄδικος τῶν λύκων ἐγένετο οὐδαμῶς ἥσσων.

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Exercise V - Comment
“They will not be able to pull out their companion.”
Sigdwick has: καὶ οῦχ οἷοί τε ἔσονται τὸν ἑταῖρον ἐξέλκειν.
Is this allowed? οὐκ ἔσται δυνατόν αὐτοῖς ἐξέλκειν τὸν ἑταῖρον.

Exercise V – Comment @ Joel
You noted that αὐτός wasn’t needed. I think it also gives the wrong idea. See Sidgwick §14 and §16.
ονοματι Λασσι :slight_smile:

Exercise VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII – Correction @ Joel :stuck_out_tongue:

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I’m worried that I will clutter the board with too many “First Greek Writer” threads if I stick to that. There are 121 exercises, and I’m averaging 2-3 a day. The exercise headings seem to be keeping this thread fairly readable.

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Corrected version - thanks @ Joel
οὗτος ὁ ἵππος ἐστὶν ἐμός.
πρότερον μέν ἰσχυρὸς ἦν, νῦν δὲ σφόδρα λεπτὸς καὶ φαῦλος.
τήν δὲ αἰτίαν τούτου λέξω.
ἐκεῖνοι οἱ γεωργοὶ οἷς ἐπέτρεπον αὐτὸν σφοδρὰ ἄπιστοι ἦσαν.
ἔκλεπτον τὸν τοῦ ἵππου σῖτον.
ἀλλὰ ἡ μηχανὴ ἐστὶ καλὴ ἤν ἔχω, ἔθηκα γὰρ λίθους ἐς φάτνην.
ὁ ἵππος ἐσθίων τὸν σῖτον τοὺς λίθους ἀποπτύει.
ἀλλὰ οἱ γεωργοὶ κλέπτουσι τὸν σῖτον σὺν τοῖς λίθοις.
τούτῳ τῷ τρόπῳ ῥᾴδιον ἐστὶν ἐξευρεῖν τὴν ἀπάτην.
οἱ γεωργοὶ οὖν οὐκέτι ἔσονται κακοί.
ἠ ζημία γὰρ αὐτοῖς ἔσται δεινὴ καὶ χαλεπή.

My stab at Exercise 3 - Submission
ὁ ἵππος ἐστὶν ἐμός.
πρότερον μέν ἰσχυρὸς ἦν, νῦν δὲ λεπτὸς καὶ φαῦλος.
αἰτίαν δὲ τούτου λέξω.
ἐκεῖνοι οἱ γεωργοὶ οἷς ἐπέτρεπον αὐτὸν σφοδρὰ ἄπιστοι ἦσαν.
ἔκλεπτον τὸν τοῦ ἵππου σῖτον.
ἀλλὰ ἡ μηχανὴ ἐστὶ καλὴ ἤν ἔχω, ἔθηκα γὰρ πετρὰς ἐς φάτνη.
ὁ ἵππος ἐσθίων τὰς πετράς ἀποπτύει.
ἀλλὰ οἱ γεωργοὶ κλέπτουσι τὸν σῖτον σὺν τοῖς πέτροις.
τούτῳ τῷ τόπῳ ῥᾴδιον ἐστὶν ἐξευρεῖν τὴν ἀπάτην.
οἱ γεωργοὶ οὖν οὐκέτι ἔσονται κακοί.
ἠ ζημία γὰρ ἔσται δεινὴ καὶ χαλεπή.

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Exercise VI – Comment @ Sidgwick

I’m finding the most value in doing these exercises is reading Sidgwick’s translation. My translation is more like a chore to get through in order to appreciate his translation. I’m wondering if I should actually be going more slowly and internalizing his little stories.

One way of internalizing, for me, is to record a reading. When I “perform” a text, it makes it feel more like real language to me. And, if I put it online, it truly makes it a performance. So, here it is: Sidgwick’s KEY for Exercise VI, read in Restored Koine. If you listen to it, excuse my over-exagerration. It makes me FEEL the Greek! (I do feel kind of bad about slamming οἱ Ἱνδοι by proxy. Blame Sidgwick, not me!) :slight_smile:

On a different topic, take a look at this interesting post about Arthur Sidgwick’s personal diary. Can you decipher his Greek?

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I couldn’t work out what you were replying to so I am not entirely sure what you now think is optimun. For me a thread an exercise is ideal. I can manage 3 but more than that would be confusing for me. Perhaps we should ask for a new sub forum say “Other Greek Textbooks”?

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Daivid… He was replying to my quip:

A subforum is a great idea. Maybe we could PM Jeff Tirey (admin) about it.

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A post in the open forum might work better.

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Exercise VII – Comments @ Sidgwick
If you aim to make your translation close to Sidgwick’s, don’t use the Genitive of Possession in this exercise.

The footnotes for this exercise take you to § 36b. I like the way Sidwick’s notes there connect the use of the Accusative for extent of time with the use of the Accusative with prepositions such as παρά, κατά, ἀνά, περί.

Exercise VII – Comments @ Joel

Yes, permissible, but unnecessary. See Sidgwick § 18 and 21.

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Exercise XIII

περιστερά ἐστι φρονίμη καὶ τὸ φέρειν τῶν ἐπιστολῶν δεινοτέρα. τοῦτο ποιοῦσι τρόπῳ τοιῷδέ τινι φιλεῖ δὲ ἡ περιστερὰ τὴν οἰκίαν καὶ συνετή ἐστιν. καὶ ὥστε τῆς ὁδοῦ τῆς οἰκίας εὑρίσκει.

καί ποτε χωρίον τις τῶν Μαμεδαίων τὸ ἐν πολιορκίᾳ ἦν ὑπὸ τῶν πολεμίων. ἐς μεσημβρίαν ποτέ στρατιώτης τις τῶν πολεμίων εἶδε περιστερὰν ἄνω ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ’ πετόμενος. κατὼ τῶν πτερῶν ἦν λεύκον τι ὡσπερεὶ ἐπιστολή. ἐνταῦθα ἦν πόθος τοῖς στρατιώτοις λαβεῖν τὴν περιστερά. ἐποιοῦντο μὲν πεῖρα τῶν ὀιστῶν οὐ δὲ ὠφελίμων ἦσαν.

Exercise XIV

καὶ εὐθὺς ἐγένετο βοὴ τῶν στρτιωτῶν. ὀργὴ γὰρ ἦν ἐπὶ τὴν ἀποφυγὴν τῆς περιστερᾶς.

ἐκείνη δὲ ἐν φόβῳ διὰ τὸν θόρυβον καὶ ἔπεσε ἐυθύς εἰς τὸν στρατόπεδον. ἐκεῖνοι δὲ τὴν ἐπιστολὰν τὴν περὶ τοῦ τρακήλου ἔλυσαν. ἐν ᾗ δὲ ἧν οἱδε οἱ λόγοι.

ὦ Μαμεδαιοὶ διὰ τίνα ἔχετε φόβον τοιόνδε φόβον περὶ τῆς πολιορίας; οὐδεμία ἔνδεια τῆς βοητείας ἔσται. τὴν γὰρ θαυμάσιαν παρασκευὴν ποιούμεθα. ὁ δὲ τύραννος στρατὸν ἄξει καὶ διὰ πέντε ἡμέρας ἐσόμεθα ἔγγυς τοῦ τειχισμοῦ. διὰ τοῦτο ἀνόητόν ἐστι ἀπορία εἶναι. ταχὺ γὰρ νίκη καὶ πολλὰ ἐπιτήδεια ἔσται.

Exercise XV

πολλὴ δὲ χαρὰ ἦν τοῖς στρατιώταις. ἡ γὰρ ἐπίνοια τοῦ πολεμίου νῦν δήλα ἐστίν οὐχ ἧσσον δὲ τῆς ἀπορίας τῶν Μαμεδαίων.

ἔγραψαν τοίνυν ἄλλην ἐπιστολὴν ἀντὶ τοῦ προτέρου. ἦν δὲ τοιήδε

ὦ φίλοι πολῖται τῶν Μαμεδαίων, νῦν δὴ ἀμήχανοί ἐσμεν. οὐ γάρ ὑμῖν οἷοί τε δοῦναι βοητείαν. ὁ γὰρ τύραννος ἐν τῷ νῷ ἔχει ποιεῖσθαι ἄλλην στρατείαν. ἀλλ’ ὀὐ πάνυ ἐν ἀπορίᾳ ἐσμέν περὶ ὑμῶν ἀγαθοὶ γάρ ἐστε καὶ ἰσχυρὸς ἐς τὸν πόλεμον.

τοῦτο δὲ ἔφερε τὴν περιστερὰν εἰς τὸν χωρίον τῶν Μαμεδαίων. φόβος δὴ δεινὸς ἦσαν τοῖς ἔνδον καὶ ἐνέδοσαν αὐτοὺς πρὸς ἐκείνους. τῆς δὲ πέντε ἡμέρας ἐφάνη ὁ τύραννος σὺν τῷ στρατῷ οἱ δὲ πολέμιοι ἤδη ἔνδον ἦσαν.

Exercise XIV – Corrections

ἐπὶ τῇ ἀποφυγῇ τῆς περιστερᾶς
ἐκείνη → αὕτη
ἐν φόβῳ ἦν
Strike ἐκείνη, ἔπεσεν suffices
ἔπεσεν
τὸ στρατόπεδον
ἔλυσαν suffices
ἐπιστολὴν
περὶ τὸν τράχηλον “about its neck” genitive would be “in regards to its neck”
ᾗ → ταύτῃ
ἐν ταύτῃ λόγοι ἦσαν τοιοίδε
φίλοι πολῖται τῶν Μαμεδαίων
διὰ τί
τοιοῦτον
Use δὴ for connective
τῆς βοητείας → ὑμῖν βοηθείας
Strike τὴν (a preparation)
ἡμέρας → ἡμερῶν
ἐγγὺς ἐσόμεθα is better (focus on near, not will be)
ἐστι → ἐστιν
ἐν ἀπορίᾳ
νίκη ὑμῖν
ἀφθονία τῶν ἐπιτηδείων
τοιαύτη τοίνυν ἦν ἡ ἐπιστολή (τοιοῦτος such as this)

Exercise XV – Corrections

χαρὰ ἦν μεγίστη ἐπὶ τούτῷ
τῶν πολεμίων
φανερὰ νῦν ἦν
ὥστε (Accordingly)
τῆς προτέρας
καὶ ἦν τοιάδε
Strike the article ἐν νῷ ἔχει
ἄλλην στρατείαν → ἑτέραν στρατείαν (use ἑτέρος to highlight difference)
ἐν ἀπορίᾳ → ἀνέλπιστοι
ἀγαθοὶ → θαρσαλέοι
τοῦτο → ταύτην (ἐπιστολήν)
ἡ περιστερὰ
τὸ χωρίον (dative)
τοῖς Μαμεδαίοις ??? Why not genitive?
ἦσαν → ἦν (φόβος ἦν)
δεινός → ἔσχατος
αὐτοὺς πρὸς ἐκείνους → ἑαυτοὺς ἐκείνοις (reviewed #15-#17, “themselves to them” the first is reflexive so ἑαυτοὺς, the second apparently does not need the πρός.)
τῆς δὲ πέντε ἡμέρας → διὰ πέντε ἡμερῶν (the first would be genitive of time, “during” and shouldn’t be singular anyway)
σὺν τῷ στραῷ → μετὰ τοῦ στρατοῦ (both work, the second implies a closer union [LSJ])

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Exercise III – Comment @david

ἐς φάτνη – should be accusative
τόπῳ is place. τρόπῳ
ἡ ζημία αὐτοῖς – the penalty “to them”