Just venting frustration. I’ve read and re-read chapters 22 to 24 of Familia Romana and the companion several times.
I just cannot get my head around the perfect theme. Especially when it comes to deponents.
Can anybody here point me to some resources that even I might understand?
Cheers.
Paul.
Is it the perfect deponent forms you cant get your head around or the meaning?
As I am sure you know deponent verbs are passive in form and active in meaning.
So for example the verb hortor (I exhort) has hortātus sum as the perfect. These forms are active in meaning and passive in form.
Contrast this with say amō (I love) which has an active perfect amāvī and a passive perfect amātus sum.
hortātus sum means “I have exhorted” but amātus sum means “I have been loved”. They have the same form but one is active in meaning and the other is passive.
If this isn’t any help can you be a bit more specific about what you don’t understand and I can try to point you in the right direction.
Thanks. I’m struggling to take in so much and I keep forgetting what’s supposed to be infinitive, participle, supine etc. It’s my age. Like the book says “use the perfect participle of the deponent”, but they don’t really have one, so I don’t know. I’m just feeling befuddled by the whole thing. I think I need a holiday.
I think it helped when I saw it spelled out “the deponent is never passive”, what looks like passive never really is.
Probably I’m thinking too hard 
I’ll drink beer.
Paul.