Pharr section 202 line 4

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Bert
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Pharr section 202 line 4

Post by Bert »

I am almost getting excited about translating a fairly long sentence without help, but...before my elation gets the better of me, I should have it checked first.
εἰ ἑκηβόλος ἀπώσει λοιγὸν ἀεικέα δαναοῖσιν, δώσουσι ἑλικώπιδα κούρην φίλῳ παρτὶ ἀπριάτην ανάποινον, ἄξουξι δ’ ἱερὴν ἑκατόμβην ἐς χρύσην; τότε θεὸν ἱλασσάμενοι πείσουσιν.

If the Sharp shooter will drive off the grievous destruction for the Danaans, they will grant the bright-eyed girl to her beloved father unransomed (without requiring a ransom), and they will bring a holy hecatomb into Chrysa; Then they will win over the god, appeasing him.

My misgivings about this translation are about εἰ followed by the verb in the future tense. The way I translated it, the Danaans will free the girl only if Apollo will avert destruction.
It makes more sense that Apollo will avert destruction only if the Danaans free the girl.
But then I would have expected εἰ followed by a verb in the subjunctive mood.
It would then be; If the Sharp-shooter is to avert the grievous destruction....
One more question about this line; ἀπριάτην and ἀνάποινον have very similar meanings. Is this an example of Epic fulness of speech?
Thanks in advance.

Emma_85
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Post by Emma_85 »

Are you sure that apwsei is future? Maybe it's a strange (epic is always strange :wink: ) aorist conjunctive, that would make more sense.

annis
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Re: Pharr section 202 line 4

Post by annis »

Bert wrote:My misgivings about this translation are about εἰ followed by the verb in the future tense. The way I translated it, the Danaans will free the girl only if Apollo will avert destruction.
It makes more sense that Apollo will avert destruction only if the Danaans free the girl.
That is the correct sense. This is another one of those areas where Pharr could be a little chattier.

εἰ + future indicative, future indicative. If X happens, then Y will happen. Note the tenses in English. This is often called the "future most more vivid condition" in older grammars, but at least two Dutch scholars consider this terminology silly, a fiction of grammarians.

Albert Rijksbaron in The Syntax and Semantics of the Verb in Classical Greek (I now consider this a vital grammar to have around), notes that the εἰ + fut. condition often has a connotation that the speaker considers the outcome undesirable. This may not apply so much to Homer, who is freer with his conditions.
But then I would have expected εἰ followed by a verb in the subjunctive mood.
I believe this is the most common phrasing of a future condition.
One more question about this line; ἀπριάτην and ἀνάποινον have very similar meanings. Is this an example of Epic fulness of speech?
Yep. It's also a unusual to have adjectives piled together without some connection, but poets get to break the rules from time to time.
William S. Annis — http://www.aoidoi.org/http://www.scholiastae.org/
τίς πατέρ' αἰνήσει εἰ μὴ κακοδαίμονες υἱοί;

Emma_85
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Post by Emma_85 »

It's good we've got you around William :D , think we'd all be lost without you.

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