substantive usage of the participle in Herodotos

[vir litterarum]

Ï„á½° μέν νυν ἓξ ἔτεα τῶν ἕνδεκα Σαδυάττης á½￾ ἌÏ￾δυος ἔτι Λυδῶν ἦÏ￾χε, á½￾ καὶ á¼￾σβάλλων τηνικαῦτα á¼￾Ï‚ τὴν Μιλησίην τὴν στÏ￾ατιήν: Σαδυάττης οὗτος γὰÏ￾ καὶ á½￾ τὸν πόλεμον ἦν συνάψας:
1.18.2

Can a participle used substantively be separated from its article by ἦν? Or is the participle συνάψας not being used substantively here?

[Rindu]

No, it isn't substantive. It is modifying Saduattes. "This Saduattes was the one who took up..."

[vir litterarum]

But translating it as "the one who took up" is still translating the participle as a substantive in predicate relation to Saduattes.

[Didymus]

Ï„á½° μέν νυν ἓξ ἔτεα τῶν ἕνδεκα Σαδυάττης á½￾ ἌÏ￾δυος ἔτι Λυδῶν ἦÏ￾χε, á½￾ καὶ á¼￾σβάλλων τηνικαῦτα á¼￾Ï‚ τὴν Μιλησίην τὴν στÏ￾ατιήν: Σαδυάττης οὗτος γὰÏ￾ καὶ á½￾ τὸν πόλεμον ἦν συνάψας:
1.18.2

Can a participle used substantively be separated from its article by ἦν?

Yes. Cf. 1.103.2: Οὗτος á½￾ τοῖσι Λυδοῖσί á¼￾στι μαχεσάμενος ὅτε νὺξ ἡ ἡμέÏ￾η á¼￾γένετό σφι μαχομένοισι ...

This is, however, a rather unusual usage. I seem to recall a case in book 3 as well, but I can't pin down a reference for you.

[vir litterarum]

Thanks for the reference. I haven't found any references in Smyth to this issue, and, as you stated, I think it is relatively rare.

[Rindu]

But it isn't a substantive if it is modifying another noun. Then it is a predicate adjective.

[vir litterarum]

It's not modifying another noun. It's functioning as a predicate noun, not as a predicate adjective, i.e. "...for this Saduattes is the one also having commenced the war."