fear clauses and intransitive passives

[littlewoy]

hi guys, here's what i've got for these sentences:

1. The battle raged very fiercely from dawn until the ninth hour of the day.
pugnatum ferocissimum est prima luce nonas horas.

This is the one i'm most unsure about. No idea if you can put an adjective in between pugnatum and est. Is a preposition needed before prima luce? with nonas horas i'm going for "for nine hours" and not trying to translate "the ninth hour of the day".

2. At first the Gauls were afraid of entering the deserted city.
primum Galli urbem desertam intrare timebant.

think this one's ok.

3. Fearing that the enemy had seen them, the soldiers retired to the city.
milites, veriti ne a hostibus visi essent, ad urbem refugerunt.

think this is ok too.

4. Catiline is the sort of man everyone fears.
Catilina est quem omnes timeant / Catilina est qui ab omnibus timeatur.

I hope one of these is ok, not really sure what to do with "the sort of man".

5. They arrived at the forum. (use impersonal passive)
ad forum ventum est.

not sure about this. Would it be better if "ab eis" was in there too?

6. There was a danger that the citadel would be captured.
periculum erant ne arx caperetur.

think this is ok.

7. You (sing.) will not be spared by the enemy.
tibi a hostibus non parcetur.

word order ok?

8. The Romans were afraid of their city being captured by the Gauls.
Romani timebant ne Galli urbem suam caperent.

think this is ok.

9. After their arrival at the city, they approached the emperor as suppliants.
post perventum est ad urbem, suppliciter principi appropinquaverunt.

not sure about the beginning of this. is suppliciter ok for as suppliants??

10. Fearing that he would die, the old man summoned his son.
veritus ne moriatur, senex filium advocavit.

think this one's ok.

[Turpissimus]

1. The battle raged very fiercely from dawn until the ninth hour of the day.
pugnatum ferocissimum est prima luce nonas horas.

This is the one i'm most unsure about. No idea if you can put an adjective in between pugnatum and est. Is a preposition needed before prima luce? with nonas horas i'm going for "for nine hours" and not trying to translate "the ninth hour of the day".

I'd use an adverb - ferocissime.

I'd put ab with prima luce (so it means from first light not at first light)

Although you've translated the meaning of the phrase "for nine hours" quite well, I would say the emphasis is wrong. The writer definitely means until the ninth hour, stressing the time it ended not the length of the battle. Add ad.

3. Fearing that the enemy had seen them, the soldiers retired to the city.
milites, veriti ne a hostibus visi essent, ad urbem refugerunt.

think this is ok too.

I'd use se recipere here (or se receperunt)

4. Catiline is the sort of man everyone fears.
Catilina est quem omnes timeant / Catilina est qui ab omnibus timeatur.

I hope one of these is ok, not really sure what to do with "the sort of man".

Subjunctive with generalising relative pronoun seems okay to me.

9. After their arrival at the city, they approached the emperor as suppliants.
post perventum est ad urbem, suppliciter principi adpropinquaverunt.

not sure about the beginning of this. is suppliciter ok for as suppliants??

Often when you use "as" in English the equivalent Latin construction is a noun in appostion. I come here as a general = Imperator huc venio. Supplex is used for as a supplicant. Supplices ad principem appropinquaverunt.

Your Latin is getting pretty damn good. Especially compared to your previous assays into the language.

[littlewoy]

Thanks Turp, doesn't appropinquo take the dative?

[Turpissimus]

Thanks Turp, doesn't appropinquo take the dative?

My dictionary (Collins) says that approach can be translated in several ways:

appropinquare ad (+ acc.)
accedere ad (+acc)
(person) adire

I could be wrong, but I don't have any other Latin dictionaries.

[benissimus]

Nice job indeed! I concur with Turp's comments, though appropinquo can take either the dative or a preposition. When ad is used with this verb, the motion is limited to physical motion (though dative can also be used for physical motion). If you want to say that something approaches in time, you must use the dative.

In question 3, I don't think it would be wrong to use refugerunt, but that would suggest that the soldiers were running away (with a negative sense), whereas the English merely said "retired".

[littlewoy]

is just "ad forum ventum est" ok for no. 5? Doesnt it need something to specify that they and not he/she/it were arriving at the forum??

[benissimus]

is just "ad forum ventum est" ok for no. 5? Doesnt it need something to specify that they and not he/she/it were arriving at the forum??

Impersonals are intentionally vague

[yadfothgildloc]

4. Catiline is the sort of man everyone fears.
Catilina est quem omnes timeant / Catilina est qui ab omnibus timeatur.

I hope one of these is ok, not really sure what to do with "the sort of man".

the type of clause is called a "relative clause of characteristic" - it uses a relative pronoun and the subjunctive, as you have it. It's generally translated just like the exersize has it.

[anatta]

6. There was a danger that the citadel would be captured.
periculum erant ne arx caperetur.

periculum erat ... (periculum --> Singular)

[Kasper]

4. Catiline is the sort of man everyone fears.
Catilina est quem omnes timeant / Catilina est qui ab omnibus timeatur.

I hope one of these is ok, not really sure what to do with "the sort of man".

the type of clause is called a "relative clause of characteristic" - it uses a relative pronoun and the subjunctive, as you have it. It's generally translated just like the exersize has it.

Shouldn't 'the sort of man' simply be translated as 'talis'?

[benissimus]

That is possible, but if there is going to be a relative clause anyways then it makes more sense to use the relative clause of characteristic.