Skyhawk4584 wrote:credo me ferliam haburus esse
ferliam: I’m not familiar with this spelling, but the Oxford Latin Dictionary lists “feriae, -arum” (fem. pl.), which I will use here.
haburus: should be “habiturum”. The future participle of “habeo” is “habiturus, habitura, habiturum”; also, it would need to be in the masculine accusative (or "habituram" for feminine) to agree with the subject of the indirect statement, “me”.
However, while “habere” works for a literal translation, a more common expression is “ferias ago”, so:
puto mihi ferias agendas esse
This example uses the passive periphrastic (i.e. “ferias agendas esse”) to express obligation: the future infinitive merely states that something that will happen in the future, but not the necessity of it occurring; “ferias habiturum esse” means “I will have a vacation”. Refer to your book (or ask again) for details on the passive periphrastic and its construction. Briefly, the passive periphrastic (a.k.a. secondary periphrastic) uses the gerundive + “esse”; the gerundive of “ago” is “agendus, agenda, agendum”. Compare “Carthago delenda est” = “Carthage must be destroyed”. As such, the above translation would literally mean "I think a vacation ought to be done for me".
puto: from “putare”; an alternative for “credo”, which more commonly means “I believe/have faith”.
mihi: the passive periphrastic uses the dative to specify the agent responsible for executing the action, “
tibi Carthago delenda est” = “
you must destroy Carthage”.
ferias: accusative, because it is the subject of the indirect statement.
agendas: accusative gerundive agreeing with “ferias”.
Skyhawk4584 wrote:I didn’t know how to indicate “ought”
The passive periphrastic is one way of expressing obligation. Another way (among others still) is to use “debeo”:
credo me debere ferias agere
In contrast to the first example, “me” is the subject, as opposed to “ferias” (which is now the object). Compare with the direct statement:
ferias agere debeo
I ought to go on vacation
Here are some others. These are impersonal verbs that take either a dative or accusative.
dative + opus est +
infinitive = “there is need”, e.g. “tibi opus est adesse” = “there is need for you to be present”
accusative + oportet* +
infinitive = “it behooves”
dative + necesse est +
infinitive = “it is necessary”
(* "oportet" comes from "oportere".)
Skyhawk4584 wrote:is it possible to have a future subjunctive?
There are only four tenses in the subjunctive: present, imperfect, perfect, and pluperfect.
In many instances, verbs in the subjunctive are often translated into English with auxiliaries like “would”, “might”, and “may”, as well as phrases like “in order to” and “so that”; all of which imply a conditional
future state. There are, of course, constructs, such as indirect questions and result clauses, which do not employ auxliary verbs, but these go beyond the scope of this post.
Skyhawk4584 wrote:Questions, for an indirect statement what happens to the direct object of the indirect statement? The subject becomes accusative so what of the original accusative?
The direct object remains in the accusative:
eum ferias egisse scio
I know that he was on vacation
me Latinam loqui scivit
He knew that I spoke Latin