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hello,

the point in question is Par. 40 no. 6.

it reads:
Cuius filiae laborant?

The text we are answering the questions from is Par. #39, it says;
sec. II 3. The farmers' daughters do labor.
sec. II 7. The farmer's daughter labors.

I am not sure what case or number "filiae" would go to.

gen/sing doesn't seem possible.
Dat/sing -the daughter shows a relationship to the many labors.
Gen/Plur -the daughters of many farmers do labor.

The key gives the answer "Filiae agricolarum laborant"
here I understand "filiae" is N/P, "agricolarum" is G/P, and of course "laborant" is plural (no verb conjugation yet).

my original translation of the question was "whose daughters labor" and my answer was "agricola filiae laborant".

any suggestions for better classifying the words?

Timotheus wrote:hello,

my original translation of the question was "whose daughters labor" and my answer was "agricola filiae laborant".

any suggestions for better classifying the words?

You translated the sentence correctly.
As for your answer, it should be: "argricolae(gen. sg.) filiae(nom. pl.) laborant". "Agricolae" thus answering the gen. sg. of the question.

I suspect that this should be the "tricky" part of the exercise, i.e. to demonstrate the "ambiguity" of the first declension.