John 1:4 - e)n au)tw|= zwh\ h}n, kai\ h( zwh\ h}n to\ fw=j tw=n a)nqrw/pwn.
In the second clause, it seems obvious that "life" is the subject, but grammatically, how is this known since the predicate nominative has the article aswell?
also, in the first clause, is the article missing to show that "life" here is qualitative?

News of Koine Greek And Mounce's Basics of Biblical Greek